Improvement in governors for steam-engines



v B. BRAZELLE. Governor for Steam- Engines.

Patented Sept. 17,1878.

l I IL ATTORNEY NPETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WA$HINGTUN. D c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN BRAZELLE, OF ST. LOUIS MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO THE BRAZELLEENGINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN GOVERNORS STEAM-ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 908,149, datedSeptember 17, 1878; application filed August 23, 1878.

To all 107mm 1' t may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN BRAZELLE, of St. Louis, in the countyvofSt. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Governors for Fluid-Pressure Engines, of whichimprovements the following is a specification:

My present invention relates to improvements upon the governor for whichan application for Letters Patent of the United States was filed by meunder date of March 7, I878 and said improvements consist, first, in anovel construction of the inclosing-case and movable abutment, whereby Iam enabled to dispense with the inner bearing of said abutment and tocause the pressure acting thereon to be transferred to the rock-shaft ina more convenient and advantageous manner. as well as to substitute anabutment of different area whenever necessary or advisable; and, second,in combining with the adjustable gate of said governor a weighted rod orpendulum, by which said gate is opened or closed coincidently withandpr'oportionately to variations in the position of said pendulum dueto the action of gravity, in order to adapt the governorto use uponmarine engines, in the operation of which the alternate immersion andexposure of the propeller due to the pitching of the vessel in a heavysea entails sudden and great variations of resistance. The improvementsclaimed are hereinafter fully set forth. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical transverse centralsection, partly in elevation, of the governor, and Figs. 2 and 3vertical longitudinal sections of the same at the lines :10 a: and yy,lrespectively, of Fig. 1.

My improved governor is, similarly to that described and claimed in myallowed application hereinbefore referred to, of the hydraulic class,and is likewise similar to the latter so far as the general principle ofoperation of a movable abutment in either of two directions by therevolutions of a cam-piston and by the tension of a spring,respectively, is concerned, and, while portions of the mechanismhereinafter set forth constitute no part of my present invention, Iwill, to insure perspicuity, proceed to describe. the entire governor,claim- 7 ing only therein such improvements as properly relate to thisapplication.

The governor-case A is of cylindrical form, having on its ends removableheads or covers A A secured by bolts a, and is supported by legs orstandards A upon the cap or cover a of the valve-chest. The case A isdivided by, a vertical partition, A, near its center, into two chambersor compartments, (0 a connected at bottom by a channel-way or pas-vsage, a and also communicating by a curved slot, (1, above thechannel-way a An open ing is formed in the top of the chamber a for theintroduction of oil'to fill the chambers af c and is closed by ascrew-plug, a. An elliptical or cam piston, B, the longer diameter ofwhich is such as toenable it to fit easily within the chamber a, issecured upon a shaft, I), mounted in a bearing, a, formed on the head Aand carrying a pulley, b, which is rotated by means of a belt passingaround a pulley on the shaft of the engine. A cylinder. 0, having apiston or abutment, 0 formed upon its periphery, is secured upon ashaft, 0, mounted in a bearing, (0 concentric with the bearing a of thecam-piston,-and fits easily within the compartment c ,the outer surfaceof its abutment G fitting against the inner surface of the chamber (o Aconical enlargement is formed upon the shaft 0, which i is pressedoutward, so as to make a tight joint with its bearing a bya helicalspring resting in a central hub in the partition A A spur.- pinion, O issecured upon the outer end of the shaft 0, which carries the cylinder 0,and meshes with a segment gear. D upon an arm, D of a-horizontalrock-shaft, I), mounted in a bearing on one of the legs or supports A ofthe case A. Arms D D are likewise formed upon or secured to therockshaft D, one of which arms, D is connected with the upper end of thestem d of the governor-valve. A helical spring, D is attached at one endto the case A, and at the other to the arm D of the rockshaft. A wiperor flap, E,is pivoted within the chamber a, and extends completelyacross the same above the channel-way a its free end being pressedagainst the periphery of the cam-piston B by a spring, 0, said wipercontrolling the passage of oil from the chamber a into the channel-way(F. The area of openin g for the passage of oil from the channelway aagainst the side of the abutment O in the direction of the arrow, Fig.2,is varied, as required, by a valve or gate, F, extending across thechamber a said gate being secured upon a pin, f, extending through thehead A of the case, by the proper adjustment of which pin the valve Fmay be made to stand wholly or partially across the annular passagebetween the cylinder 0 and the wall of the chamber a and, consequentlyto intercept, to a greater or less degree, the movement of the oiltherein. The traverse of the abutment G in either direction, is limitedby stopsc, secured in the wall of the chamber of", and stops may also beprovided for limiting the movement of the valve F.

In order to adapt the governor to use upon marine steam-engines, Isecure upon the pin f of the adjustable valve F a vertically-dependingrod, G, having a weight, Gr, upon its lower end, so that theoscillations of said weighted rod or pendulum will correspondingly movethe valve F in the chamber w".

In the operation of the governor, the case A being filled with oil andthe cam-piston B rotated in the direction of the arrow, oil will beforced by such rotation out of the chamber a against the left side ofthe abutment O, and drawn away from the right side thereof, passingthrough the opening a into the chamber a. The induced pressure upon theleft side of the abutment tends to move it in the direction of thearrow, such movement being transmitted through the gearing and rock-armsto the governor-valve stem, and being resisted by the spring D untilequilibrium is established, and changes in the normal position of theabutment for an adjusted rate of speed will accompany and compensate fortendency to either increase or decrease the same, and correspondinguniformity in the movement of the engine will be attained. The speed ofthe engine is regulated to a desired normal rate by means of theadjustable gate, by which greater or less pressure may be induced uponthe abutment relatively to the velocity of the cam-piston B, and thepower of the governor to overcome weight and friction of parts maylikewise be increased,asrequired, by this device.

The construction and connection of the abutment 0 to its shaft O--toWit, by means of a greater or a less amount of pressure is required,which change of area would not be practicable with an abutment workingin an annular passage, both walls of whichare stationary, as shown in myformer application.

When operating as a marine engine-governor, the oscillations of thependulum G G will close and open the gate F proportionately to andcoincidently with the vertical movements of the vessel, whichalternately expose and immerse the propeller, and will correspondinglyclose and open the governor-valve proportionately to the variations ofresistance induced by said movements.

I am aware that the employment of a pend ulum connected with thethrottle valve of a marine steam-engine has been heretofore proposed andpatented, and do not therefore claim such device; neither do I herebroadly claim, in a hydraulic governor, a cam-piston,"a movableabutment, a vibrating wiper, or an adjustable valve, the same and sundrycombinations thereof being set forth in my aforesaid application forLetters Patent of the United States, filed March 7, 1878.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. Thecombination, in an engine-governor, of an inclosing-case, dividedvertically into two chambers or compartments connected by a lowerchannel-way or passage, and an opening above said channel-way, acam-piston rotating in one of the chambers of the case, a

movable abutment located in the other chamber, and a vibrating wiper andadjustable gate governing the passage of a liquid medium from one to theother chamber, the combination being and operating substantially as amlfor the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in an engine-governor, of the inclosing-case, themovable abutment, the adjustable valve or gate governing the pressure onsaid abutment, and the weighted rod or pendulum connected to the pin orstem of said adjustable valve, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in an engine-governor, of a cylindricalinclosing-case and a movable abutmentformed upon the periphery of acylinder secured on a shaft concentric with said case, so as to enablethe area receiving press ure to be changed, when required, without al--teration of any other member of the governor, substantially as setforth.

B. BRAZELLF.

Witnesses:

J. SNOWDEN BELL, GEO. A. VAILLANT.

